Given the late development of the prefrontal cortex, which continues through adolescence, it is possible that smoking may influence the trajectory of brain development during this critical developmental period. Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 36, 970-978; doi:10.1038/npp.2010.235; published online 26 January 2011″
“Objective: Our objective was
to attempt a clinical trial of segmentectomy using the infrared thoracoscopy system after intravenous injection of indocyanine green.
Patients and Methods: A total of 8 patients with lung lesions were investigated (5 with primary lung cancer, 2 with metastatic lung tumor, and 1 with inflammatory change). All were scheduled to undergo segmentectomy and had been confirmed to have no allergy to iodine or indocyanine green. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. We identified the dominant pulmonary see more artery supplying the target segment using reconstructed computed tomography images. The dominant pulmonary artery of the target segment was ligated, and after we had observed the lung using the infrared thoracoscopy system after intravenous injection of indocyanine green (3.0 mg/kg), and marked the white-to-blue transitional zone by electrocautery, we performed segmentectomy.
Results: Average operation time was 150 +/- 62.1 minutes, Necrostatin-1 and bleeding volume was 68.8 +/- 30.5 mL. Under infrared thoracoscopy, the area with a normal blood supply became stained
blue 13 seconds after injection of indocyanine green. Maximum staining intensity was attained 28 seconds after dye injection, and the observation duration was 3.5 minutes. A well-defined color zonation was observed in all patients. We had enough time to mark it. No complications attributable to infrared thoracoscopy after intravenous injection
of indocyanine green were encountered.
Conclusions: Oxymatrine Infrared thoracoscopy with indocyanine green makes it possible to identify the target lung segment easily and quickly without the need for inflation. This method will be especially useful for cases associated with severe emphysema or when surgery offers a limited view, as is the case with video-assisted thoracic surgery. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010;140:752-6)”
“Patients with chronic pain usually suffer from working memory deficits, which may decrease their intellectual ability significantly. Despite intensive clinical studies, the mechanism underlying this form of memory impairment remains elusive. In this study, we investigated this issue in the spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain, a most common form of chronic pain. We found that SNI impaired working memory and short-term memory in rats and mice. To explore the potential mechanisms, we studied synaptic transmission/plasticity in hippocampus, a brain region critically involved in memory function. We found that frequency facilitation, a presynaptic form of short-term plasticity, and long-term potentiation at CA3-CA1 synapses were impaired after SNI.