Goorhuis A, Legaria MC, van den Berg RJ, Harmanus C, Klaassen CH, Brazier JS, Lumelsky G, Kuijper EJ: Application of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis to determine clonal spread of toxin A-negative Clostridium difficile in a general hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009. 16. Fawley WN, Freeman J, Smith C, Harmanus C, van den Berg RJ, Kuijper EJ, Wilcox MH: Use of highly discriminatory
fingerprinting to analyze clusters of Clostridium difficile infection cases due to epidemic ribotype 027 strains. J Clin Microbiol 2008,46(3):954–960.PubMedCrossRef 17. Gurtler V: Typing of Clostridium difficile strains by PCR-amplification of variable length 16S-23S rDNA spacer regions. J Gen Microbiol 1993,139(12):3089–3097.PubMed 18. Bidet P, Barbut F, Lalande V, Burghoffer B, Petit JC: Development of a new PCR-ribotyping PF477736 solubility dmso method for Clostridium difficile based on ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1999,175(2):261–266.PubMedCrossRef 19. Indra A, Huhulescu S, Schneeweis M, Hasenberger P, Kernbichler S, Fiedler A, Wewalka G, Allerberger F, Kuijper EJ: Characterization of Clostridium difficile isolates using capillary gel electrophoresis-based
PCR ribotyping. J Med Eltanexor mouse Microbiol 2008,57(Pt 11):1377–1382.PubMedCrossRef 20. Zaiss NH, Rupnik M, Kuijper EJ, Harmanus C, selleck inhibitor Michielsen D, Janssens K, Nubel U: Typing Clostridium difficile strains based on tandem repeat sequences. BMC Microbiol 2009, triclocarban 9:6.PubMedCrossRef 21. Griffiths D, Fawley W, Kachrimanidou M, Bowden R, Crook DW, Fung R, Golubchik T, Harding RM, Jeffery KJM, Jolley KA, et al.: Multilocus sequence typing of Clostridium difficile. Journal of clinical microbiology 2010,48(3):770–778.PubMedCrossRef
22. Eidhin DN, Ryan AW, Doyle RM, Walsh JB, Kelleher D: Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the gene for surface layer protein, slpA, from 14 PCR ribotypes of Clostridium difficile. J Med Microbiol 2006,55(Pt 1):69–83.PubMedCrossRef 23. Conceicao T, Aires de Sousa M, de Lencastre H: Staphylococcal interspersed repeat unit typing of Staphylococcus aureus: evaluation of a new multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis typing method. J Clin Microbiol 2009,47(5):1300–1308.PubMedCrossRef 24. Schouls LM, van der Ende A, Damen M, van de Pol I: Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis of Neisseria meningitidis yields groupings similar to those obtained by multilocus sequence typing. J Clin Microbiol 2006,44(4):1509–1518.PubMedCrossRef 25. Chang CH, Chang YC, Underwood A, Chiou CS, Kao CY: VNTRDB: a bacterial variable number tandem repeat locus database. Nucleic Acids Res 2007, (35 Database):D416–421. 26. Keim P, Van Ert MN, Pearson T, Vogler AJ, Huynh LY, Wagner DM: Anthrax molecular epidemiology and forensics: using the appropriate marker for different evolutionary scales. Infect Genet Evol 2004,4(3):205–213.PubMedCrossRef 27.