In WT animals, a 5-fold increase in the quantitative erosion index was observed after DMM, and the semi-quantitative OARSI score showed over 400% (P < 0.001) increase, compared to sham-operated WT mice. DMM-operated TG mice were protected against cartilage erosion Z-DEVD-FMK in vivo and showed a 65% and 64% (P < 0.001) reduction, respectively, for the two histopathological evaluation methods.
Conclusions: sCT over-expressing mice had higher bone volume, and were protected against cartilage erosion. These data suggest that increased
levels of sCT may hamper the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). However more studies are necessary to confirm these preliminary results. (C) 2011 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“This article gives an overview of activities relating to the establishment of a regional center of excellence for testing persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Pacific Island Region. Ricolinostat research buy It highlights the areas of analytical procedures that needed improvement
to perform trace-level POP testing in human-breast milk. It describes the actions taken by the POP expert group of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Chemicals during inspection visits and in setting up analytical procedures and proficiency tests to achieve acceptable levels of results for testing POPs regionally. It also describes results of early studies on POPs in human-breast milk in several Pacific Island countries, which generally show relatively low levels. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objective The goal of this study was to investigate
changes in nerve growth factor (NGF) and its high-affinity receptor-tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) expression in the TMJ after intra-articular inflammation.
Materials and Methods We employed the Col1-IL1(XAT) inducible model of joint inflammation. Changes in NGF and TrkA expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The function of NGF on cell differentiation was assessed in vitro employing the ATDC5 chondrocyte cell line.
Results NGF expression was observed in this website articular chondrocytes only after TMJ inflammation, whereas TrkA expression was detected in articular chondrocytes under both naive as well as inflamed conditions. The potential effect of NGF on articular chondrocytes was studied on the ATDC5 cell line, whereby NGF decelerated the maturation rate of this chondrogenic cell line, presumably by arresting cell differentiation at the prehypertrophic stage of chondrocyte maturation.
Conclusions NGF-TrkA signaling in the TMJ provides potentially a means of protection against the development of osteoarthritis by decelerating chondrocyte differentiation. This discovery may lead to the development of novel therapies for osteoarthritis of the TMJ and other joints.