(J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011;142:1552-61)”
“Virologists have
benefited from large-scale profiling methods to discover new host-virus interactions and to learn about the mechanisms of pathogenesis. One such technique, referred to as activity-based protein profiling (ABPP), uses active site-directed probes to monitor the functional state of enzymes, taking into account post-translational interactions and modifications. ABPP gives insight into the catalytic activity of enzyme families that does not necessarily correlate with protein abundance. ABPP has been used to investigate several viruses and their interactions with their hosts. Differential enzymatic activity induced by viruses has been monitored using ABPP. In this review, we present recent advances and trends involving the use of ABPP methods in understanding host-virus interactions and in identifying novel targets for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.”
“The second generation antipsychotics CAL-101 clinical trial clozapine and olanzapine are known to cause weight gain. However, only clozapine is associated with drug-induced fever. Cytokines have been linked to the induction of both weight gain and drug-induced fever. We investigated these potential side effects of clozapine and olanzapine and studied their differential effects on cytokine secretion. Thirty
patients suffering from schizophrenia, Acalabrutinib cost schizophreniform disorder or schizoaffective disorder were treated with either clozapine (mean modal dose: 266.7 +/- 77.9 mg) or olanzapine (21.2 +/- 2.5 mg) in a randomized, double-blind, 6-week study. Body mass index (BMI), tympanic temperature, and plasma levels of leptin and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), soluble TNF receptor 1 and 2 (sTNFR-1/2), soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R), interteukin-6) were determined weekly. BMI, leptin and cytokines significantly increased over time, except interleukin-6 and sTNFR-1 in the olanzapine group. All. cytokines numerically AR-13324 order increased compared to baseline already during the first week of treatment in both groups. Leptin, TNF-alpha, sTNFR-1, sTNFR-2 and sIL-2R levels correlated
with the BMI. Five patients who received clozapine (33%) developed drug-induced fever (>= 38 degrees C). In these, interleukin-6 peak levels were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than in those patients treated with clozapine who did not develop fever. In conclusion, increase of BMI appears to be related to clozapine’s and olanzapine’s similar effects on cytokine systems, whilst drug-induced fever appears to be related to clozapine’s differential effects on interteukin-6. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: Increasing evidence shows that some cardiac defects may benefit from fetal interventions, including fetal cardiac surgery. We attempted to develop an in vivo animal model of fetal cardiopulmonary bypass with cardioplegic arrest.
Methods: Operations were performed on 14 pregnant goats.