On marine agar the cells grow in round colonies with a surface of dark and bright blue circles, which becomes darker with incubation time [1]. Figure 2 Scanning electron micrograph of P. caeruleus DSM 24564T The utilization of carbon compounds by P. caeruleus DSM 24564T grown at 20��C was also reference 4 determined for this study using Generation-III microplates in an OmniLog phenotyping device (BIOLOG Inc., Hayward, CA, USA). The microplates were inoculated at 28��C with a cell suspension at a cell density of 95-96% turbidity and dye IF-A. Further additives included vitamines, micronutrient and sea-salt solutions. The exported measurement data were further analyzed with the opm package for R [39,69], using its functionality for statistically estimating parameters from the respiration curves such as the maximum height, and automatically translating these values into negative, ambiguous, and positive reactions.
The strain was studied in two independent biological replicates, and reactions with a different behavior between the two repetitions were regarded as ambiguous. At 28��C, the strain reacted poorly, with positive reactions only for 1% NaCl, 4% NaCl, lithium chloride, propionic acid and sodium bromate. This might be due to the optimum reported growth temperature of 20��C, whereas the phenotypic measurements were examined at 28��C. The result is in accordance with our observation that after incubation for 24 h in marine broth 2216 medium (MB; BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ) and shaken at 100 rpm, P. caeruleus DSM 24564T shows visible growth at 20��C but not at 28��C.
Note, however, that [1] reported at least some growth for temperatures up to 45��C. Chemotaxonomy Major fatty acids of P. caeruleus 13T are C18:1��7c, C16:0, an unknown fatty acid with an equivalent chain-length value of 11.7999, C10:0 3-OH, C16:0 2-OH, C12:0 3-OH, 11-methyl C18:1��7c and C18:0. The remaining fatty acids were present only in minor fractions and less than 1% of the total [1]. Genome sequencing and annotation Genome project history This organism was selected for sequencing on the basis of the DOE Joint Genome Institute Community Sequencing Program 2010, CSP 441: ��Whole genome type strain sequences of the genera Phaeobacter and Leisingera �C a monophyletic group of physiologically highly diverse organisms��.
The genome project is deposited in the Genomes On Line Database [40] and the complete genome sequence is deposited in GenBank. Sequencing, finishing and annotation were performed by the DOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI) using state of the art technology [41]. A summary of the project information is shown in Table 2. Table 2 Genome sequencing project information Growth conditions and DNA isolation A culture of P. caeruleus DSM 24564T was grown GSK-3 in DSMZ medium 514 [42] at 20��C.