The results showed that the levels of both CaMKII alpha mRNA and protein decreased significantly in the cerebral cortex of SAMR1 with aging, but increased significantly in the cerebral cortex of SAMP8. Compared with age-matched SAMR1, the expression of mRNA and protein of CaMKII alpha significantly increased in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of SAMP8 ABT-737 price after 10 months of age. After SAMP8 was treated with the previously mentioned drugs, the abnormally high expression of CaMKII alpha was relatively down-regulated. These results indicated that the expression of CaMKII alpha in the brain of SAMP8 was abnormal and that this abnormality could be reversed with anti-AD drugs. These
data suggest that CaMKII alpha may play an important role in the age-related cognitive deterioration in AD, and may be a potential targets for anti-AD drugs. (C) 2009 IBRO. Published by Elsevier
Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: Increased nocturnal urinary volume is closely associated with nocturia. We investigated the relationship between nocturnal polyuria and the variation of body fluid distribution during the daytime using bioelectric impedance analysis.
Materials and Methods: A total of 34 men older than 60 years were enrolled in this study. A frequency volume chart was recorded. Nocturnal polyuria was defined as a nocturnal IWR-1 cell line urine volume per 24-hour production of greater than 0.35 (the nocturnal polyuria index). Bioelectric impedance analysis was performed 4 times daily at 8 and 11 a.m., and 5 and 9 p.m. using an InBody BLZ945 nmr S20 body composition analyzer (BioSpace, Seoul, Korea).
Results: A significant difference was found in mean +/- SEM 24-hour urine production per fat-free mass between the groups with and without nocturnal polyuria (17.8 +/- 1.4 vs 7.7 +/- 0.9 ml/kg). The increase in fluid in the legs compared
with the volume at 8 a,m. was significantly larger at 5 p.m., while there was no difference in the arms or trunk. Nocturnal urine volume significantly correlated with the difference in fluid volume in the legs (r = 0.527, p = 0.0019) and extracellular fluid volume (r = 0.3844, p = 0.0248) between the volumes at 8 a.m. and 9 p.m.
Conclusions: Overproduction of urine per fat-free mass leads to nocturnal polyuria. Extracellular fluid accumulates as edema in the legs during the day in patients with nocturnal polyuria. The volume of accumulated extracellular fluid correlates with nocturnal urine volume. We suggest that leg edema is the source of nocturnal urine volume and decreasing edema may cure nocturnal polyuria.”
“Bath application of 5-HT (1-1000 mu M) induced a tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant outward current at the holding membrane potential (V(H)) of -50 mV in 104/162 (64.2%) of substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons from the rat spinal cord in vitro.