The amplified products of the pAPN gene were cloned into the vector pMD18-T, generating a recombinant plasmid pMD18-T-pAPN. The C subunit of pAPN (pAPN-C) produced by PCR from the plasmid pMD18-T-pAPN was expressed in Escherichia coli using vector pET-32a with His tag. After confirming reactivity of the recombinant protein pAPN-C to antibody against native pAPN, polyclonal antibody against the recombinant protein pAPN-C was prepared in rabbit using purified protein as immunogen. In Western blot analysis, the antibody elicited by the recombinant protein pAPN-C could recognize the native pAPN. These data demonstrate that the pAPN-C recombinant protein
and its polyclonal antibody can provide some basis for further receptor antagonist.”
“Compositions of 8 pomace samples originating from red and white winemaking from different areas of production of French vineyard were characterized (Alsace, selleck chemical Bordeaux, Bourgogne, Champagne, Languedoc, Val de Loire and Provence). Large variabilities were observed depending on cultivar and grape varieties: pomace samples contained 3-6% w/w of oil and 20-46% w/w of sugars, mainly glucans and xyloglucans with a relatively low pectinaceous PRIMA-1MET polysaccharides content. Condensed tannins accounted for 20-51% w/w and can be extracted in an aqueous medium. The reactivity of some of these extracts toward
formaldehyde (through gel time analysis) demonstrated their promising properties for adhesive applications. The results obtained in the present study confirm that grape pomace constitutes see more a promising source for a valuable utilization of this by-product. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: To assess the effect of stone location and burden on the outcome of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) as a primary treatment of solitary renal stone.
Patients and Methods: The
study included 438 patients with a solitary renal stone who underwent SWL as a primary treatment for their stones. All were evaluated by plain radiography of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB), ultrasonography, intravenous urography, or noncontrast enhanced CT before SWL and followed up for 3 months after treatment by KUB radiography and/or ultrasongraphy. Patients were classified into four groups according to stone location (renal pelvis, lower, middle, and upper calix) and three groups according to stone burden (<= 1 cm(2), 1.1-2 cm(2), and > 2 cm(2)). Treatment outcome was considered successful if no residual fragments (stone free) or clinically insignificant nonobstructing residuals less than 4 mm remained after 3 months of follow-up.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.1 +/- 12.5 years. The mean stone burden, number of sessions, and shockwaves for the whole study were 1.3 +/- 0.49 cm 2, 2.1 +/- 0.7 sessions, and 5616.6 +/- 2017.4 shockwaves, respectively.